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The current consensus among archaeologists is “…the widespread abandonment of the idea that the pre-Roman centuries in Britain and Ireland (and perhaps elsewhere) should be thought of as Celtic” (James 9).
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From Buchanan’s unsupported assumption, a Cistercian monk, Paul-Yves Pezron, and Edward Lhuyd, a Welsh botanist whose hobby was philology, took the Celtic ball and ran with it, constructing a story of continuous insular Celtic language, culture, and people (Cunliffe, 112). There is no evidence to support Buchanan’s assertion of Celts settling Ireland (the issue of Scotti has been much debated, and quite complicated). No one called anyone in Britain or Ireland’s history Celts until 1582, when the Scottish writer George Buchanan argued that the original settlers of Ireland were Celts from the Iberian peninsula, and then an Irish tribe called the Scotti invaded present-day Scotland. As archaeologist Barry Cunliffe stated, “It is a well-known, and often repeated, fact that no classical writer whose work survives ever referred to the inhabitants of Britain or Ireland as Celts” (Cunliffe, 84). While Caesar did note some cultural similarities between Gauls and Britons, he made no claim that the Britons referred to themselves as Celts, and he never traveled to Ireland. In addition, Caesar claimed that the Gauls called themselves Celts, not the Britons, and not the people that he never encountered on the island that the Romans called Hibernia (in other words, Ireland). It is unlikely that we can take Caesar at face value he was well known to be someone who would make assumptions and he was often given to falsehood. The only evidence that those non-Hellenic, non-Roman people employed “Celt” themselves comes from Julius Caesar’s writings, collectively assembled as The Conquest of Gaul, in which Caesar wrote, “Gaul comprises three areas, inhabited respectively by Belgae, the Aquitani, and a people who call themselves Celts, though we call them Gauls” (Caesar, 28). When the Romans applied the Latin “Celtae” to denote people who also lived somewhere to the northwest and were not Roman, the tradition continued (Chapman, 30-31 33). There is no evidence that the people to whom the ancient Greeks referred to as “Celts” applied the same name to themselves. Here are some facts of the case regarding the use of the term “Celtic.” Several ancient Greek writers, including the man who arguably constitutes the first historian, Herodotus, writing in the fifth century BCE, applied the label “Keltoi” to non-Hellenes who lived somewhere to the northwest, whom they regarded as uncivilized barbarians (It might be useful to note that Herodotus wrote in the 400s BCE, and Ireland was probably first populated 6,300 years before that, over six millennia before anyone was described as a “Celt”). Re: Oldest written/recorded form of Celtic music Thir highest Heav’n or on the Delphian Cliff,Īnd ore the Celtic roam’d the utmost Isles. So Jove usurping reign’d: these first in Creet
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Also, Milton’s "Paradise Lost" (1667) refers to "Celtic": The word is defined as "pertaining to the people of Gaul". The earliest recorded entry in the OED is spelled "Celtique," and is from Thomas Blount’s "Glossographia or, A dictionary interpreting all such hard words, whether Hebrew, Greek or Latin… as are now used in our refined English tongue "Celtic"as an adjective can also be an archaeological term meaning "of or belonging to the ancient Celtæ and their presumed congeners" (OED). "Celtic is a linguistic term, first coined by Edward Lhuyd in 1707, to denote a group of interrelated languages that were, at one time, spoken all over Europe and parts of Asia.